The quality of Vietnam's human resources is currently limited because the percentage of trained workers is still low, and skilled workers have not yet met the growth needs of the market. This article analyzes the current situation of human resources in Vietnam and proposes solutions to develop and improve the quality of human resources to meet the requirements of integration.
The current situation of human resources in Vietnam still has many shortcomings that need to be improved
Current status of human resources in Vietnam
Vietnam is in the period of "golden population" with many advantages. However, in order to develop sustainably, it is necessary to solve the limitations and inadequacies of the current Vietnamese human resources.
About the number of labor resources
According to the General Statistics Office, Vietnam currently has over 55.77 million people of working age out of a total of 98.17 million people (accounting for 56.8%), ranking third in Southeast Asia (after Indonesia and the Philippines) and 13th in the world in terms of population size. The number of people between the ages of 20 and 39 is about 30 million people (accounting for 35% of the total population and accounting for 61% of the labor force), this is a force that can participate in labor export.
About the quality of labor resources
Of the total 55.77 million people of working age, only 7.3 million have been trained (14.9% of the workforce). Accordingly, the number of people who are studying at professional schools nationwide, the ratio includes:
Elementary level: 1.7%.
Intermediate level: 20.5%.
College degree: 24.5%.
University degree or higher: 53.3%.
The number of trained human resources in Vietnam is still very low
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The proportion of trained workers in our country is still very low, about 86.7% of the population of working age have not received any professional or technical training. Especially, for rural areas, the majority of workers have the desire to work abroad, the proportion of untrained workers accounts for 92%.
It can be seen that Vietnam's human resources are still young and abundant, but not fully equipped both professionally and technically. Currently, the country has more than 41.8 million employees, accounting for about 85.1% of the labor force who have not been trained to reach a certain professional or technical level.
Regarding the characteristics of regions and regions of labor export participants
According to current statistics on Vietnam's human resources, in rural, midland and mountainous areas, about 95% of the number of workers involved in labor export is mainly in the northern and central region provinces and cities. This is considered the labor force "4 nos": no profession - no foreign language - no industrial style - no economy.
Solutions for training human resources in Vietnam
The integration period is placing higher demands on workers, requiring Vietnamese human resources to be equipped with more skills in addition to professional knowledge such as the ability to communicate, work in groups, report, problem-solving skills, computer literacy, etc. to improve the quality of human resources, to meet the requirements of the labor market and international integration.
In the coming time, it is necessary to focus on a number of key solutions to train Vietnamese human resources today as follows:
Developing the content of vocational training programs, foreign languages
First, reform the requirements on developing the content of vocational training programs and foreign languages to match the foreign partners' vocational skills and foreign languages.
The content of the training program will mainly focus on training occupational skills for employees and occupational safety and health in order to prevent accidents from occurring during the operation. The Government will guide training institutions based on the characteristics of the market to welcome workers to train workers' behavior.
For example: For workers who come to work in Japan, the training institution must have the task of training workers to quit napping at noon, work on time,...
Developing vocational training programs should focus on technical training
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Support vocational training costs for employees
Secondly, to support vocational training costs for workers who wish to work abroad, the main content of the project is that the Government supports 70% of the cost of vocational training and enterprises/employees bear the remaining 30%. If the workers reach the prescribed skill level, they will be accepted by the foreign partner.
The goal of the project is to encourage workers to learn a job before going abroad to work in order to increase the proportion of overseas workers, increase competitiveness, and gradually build up the brand name of current Vietnamese human resources on the international market for occupations such as construction, nursing, hotel and restaurant staff. Then summarize, analyze, learn from the experience and expand the model.